word deafness

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun A form of aphasia in which the meaning of ordinary spoken words becomes incomprehensible.

from The Century Dictionary.

• noun Loss, through disease, of the ability to understand spoken language, although the sounds are heard and the faculties of reading and speaking may be unimpaired.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• noun an impairment in understanding spoken language that is not attributable to hearing loss